Chapter 13: Liquid Oral Preparations

Author

Mr. Bharatbhusan Sahu        

Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutics, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Rayagada, Odisha, India

Abstract: Liquid oral preparations are versatile dosage forms offering advantages in drug administration, especially for patients with swallowing difficulties. This section covers various types of liquid oral formulations, including solutions, suspensions, emulsions, and syrups. The principles of solubility and factors affecting drug dissolution in liquid media are explored. Formulation considerations, such as pH adjustment, use of co-solvents, and addition of preservatives, are discussed to ensure stability and palatability. The preparation methods for different types of liquid oral formulations are outlined, including techniques for achieving uniform dispersion in suspensions and emulsions. Challenges in liquid formulation, such as taste masking and ensuring dose uniformity, are addressed along with potential solutions. The role of excipients, including sweeteners, flavoring agents, and viscosity modifiers, in improving patient acceptability is examined. Quality control measures specific to liquid oral preparations, such as rheological properties, particle size analysis for suspensions, and stability testing, are detailed.

Keywords: Solutions, Suspensions, Emulsions, Solubility, Palatability, Dose uniformity

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